What determines "believability of the reproduction illusion"

is that there is no sweet spot. If I go to where it theoretically is, there is no change in my perception of the sound, it doesn't "get better" at any special place.

Hello Frank

I find that odd. My Revels do a great job of having good imaging even sitting directly in front of one. That said if you drop yourself in the sweet spot you could not possibly miss the change unless you are completely out of tune as far as imaging is concerned. I have some friends that simply don't listen that way but none of them own even a meager system. I have pointed it out to some of them put once they hear it they "Get It"

Rob:)
 
Ok, but you're not arguing with me, you're disputing simple physics.

A speaker with more Sd (driver surface area) has a better mechanical impedance match with the air, something excursion can't compensate for. Given that the electronics are of the same caliber, the speaker with greater Sd is going to produce far more realistic transients, more believable dynamics... Of course this assumes you're talking about LOUDspeakers that are capable of reproducing the event at the similar SPLs, if not then I care little about the system anyways. ;)
Have you been into a bar or hotel lately, and seen the size of the PA speakers they sometimes use? They have miserable little bookshelf, monitor sized units - but your eardrums don't know it ... the sound level they produce at "normal listening distances" is deafening, literally - the average SPLs are ferociously high.

Yes, of course, the sound quality is rubbish, and the drivers are built to withstand atrocious abuse - but "simple physics" is not stopping the volume happening, ;) ... just translate that experience to a home environment, where quality is the number one priority. The quality of the transients is due to the smallest drivers doing their job well, and these are always small, must be, to get decent dispersion - when I first tried tried winding up the volume I had thoughts about whether the drivers would complain, but it has never caused a problem, except once: tiny monitor speakers next to a PC screen started to develop extra buzz and rub noise, possibly from the glue on the voice coil softening, and causing slight misalignment.
 
The single greatest ingredient (effect) that determines believability of the reproduction illusion is the amount of ambient information that remains audible at the speaker.

For it is the ambient info that determines the recording hall spaces and musical notes traveling and interacting with the recording venue's boundaries, etc that determines more than anything else the level of musicality or believability within a playback system.

And though ambient info is just another word for overall detail / resolution, specifically when the majority of ambient info embedded in a given recording remains audible, then the 1/2 sphere of sound filling the front half of the listening room will easily overshadow perhaps any local listening room's acoustic anomalies, even to the point where the listening room anomalies make no never mind.

Stehno, could you be more specific about this "1/2 sphere of sound"? How is it oriented and why is there even a shape to it? I've heard systems, though very rare, where the entire room is filled with a believable presence of sound, that is, the listener is immersed in the sound field, completely surrounded by it. The performers are in front of the listener, but the sound leaving the instruments rushes forward and outward, washing over the listener and completely filling the listening space, much as it does with live instruments. When a system is capable of doing this, it can sound very natural and thus be very convincing.
 
My experience also - its the electronics chain which makes or breaks this. With poor electronics the ambience gets masked, OTOH transparent electronics allows the recorded ambience to shine through gloriously and largely render moot whatever room ambient effects are going on.

Exactly, opus.

Kinda' makes one wonder why so many can't seem to fathom that simple understanding.
 
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Fortunately, this is just not true - I have had "unbelievable" sound from small speakers so many times, this is a no-brainer. Powerful, intense, gut wrenching impact, big hammering hits from the drums - I've got this happening so often - and then visit a dealer with some mega speakers and try the same tracks, for comparison - and laugh ... p!ss weak, is the my usual reaction ...

I'm sorry, it is the electronics - the major concern is the quality of the power supply, this is why Krell immediately jumped to the top of the heap when they started, they realised that it was essential to get this area working better.

I have heard it too from small speakers, and a lack of it from large speakers. However, small speakers usually do not have the ultimate extension into the lower frequencies. I think DaveC is also talking about extension.
 
Hello Frank

I find that odd. My Revels do a great job of having good imaging even sitting directly in front of one. That said if you drop yourself in the sweet spot you could not possibly miss the change unless you are completely out of tune as far as imaging is concerned. I have some friends that simply don't listen that way but none of them own even a meager system. I have pointed it out to some of them put once they hear it they "Get It"

Rob:)
Howdy, Rob ... I might get you to try an experiment, if I may ask: move forward from your sweet spot, so you're standing very close to an imaginary line joining the fronts of the speakers, but still in the central sweet spot. Then slowly shuffle sideways, either left or right, still listening to directly in front of yourself, to beyond the speakers - what happens to the sound, and imaging, as you get closer to one of the speakers?
 
I have heard it too from small speakers, and a lack of it from large speakers. However, small speakers usually do not have the ultimate extension into the lower frequencies. I think DaveC is also talking about extension.
Fair enough. But I have said many times that I don't worry about the very deep frequencies, where large, undistorted extension is essential, and quite expensive to make happen. Put it this way - I still haven't heard pipe organ, at significant volumes, sound as good on any other system, as I have at times on something of mine ...
 
just translate that that experience to a home environment, where quality is the number one priority. The quality of the transients is due to the smallest drivers doing their job well, and these are always small, must be, to get decent dispersion - when I first tried tried winding up the volume I had thoughts about whether the drivers would complain, but it has never caused a problem, except once: tiny monitor speakers next to a PC screen started to develop extra buzz and rub noise, possibly from the glue on the voice coil softening, and causing slight misalignment.

Hello Frank

I have had the opposite experience. Just to give you a reference point I have a large stereo pair in my HT where I use essentially JBL PA drivers. They were all designed for high ouput linear response. They are 15" subs 15" bass drivers 10" mid-ranges and medium format compression drivers on wave-guides. The visceral impact and apparent speed cannot be matched by any of the smaller systems I have heard. The system efficiency is high around 98db so 100 watts gives you 118db out without getting anywhere near power compression would be an issue for any of the drivers. Small driver simply cannot do that kind of SPL without power handling or power compression issues. You are not restricted to small drivers in a home environment.

Rob:)
 
Kinda' makes one wonder why so many (like fas42) can't fathom that simple understanding.

fas42 seems to be in perfect agreement with what I've written, from the way I read his writings. He also explicitly agreed with the post you wrote which I responded to.
 
Stehno, could you be more specific about this "1/2 sphere of sound"? How is it oriented and why is there even a shape to it? I've heard systems, though very rare, where the entire room is filled with a believable presence of sound, that is, the listener is immersed in the sound field, completely surrounded by it. The performers are in front of the listener, but the sound leaving the instruments rushes forward and outward, washing over the listener and completely filling the listening space, much as it does with live instruments. When a system is capable of doing this, it can sound very natural and thus be very convincing.

It's not quite an immersion, Peter. You wouldn't wanna be immersed in sound (sound from all directions) unless perhaps you're one of the performers on stage or unless you dig the phenomena of unnatural sound of multi-channel or headphones. Rather, it's more of a frontal albeit large presentation where the collective music continues growing and blooming at the recording hall's soundstage and then traveling in the general direction of the audience's ears planted at a distance in the auditorium's seating.

I attest that each and every note at a live performance is on the move traveling throughout and interacting with the soundstage's borders and acoustics where each individual note seems to merge and meld with other notes filling the entire soundstage (like a half-sphere), even forming new notes as the collective whole of the presentation flows directionally toward your ears planted well into the audience.

Much of this type of ambient info is indeed captured at the recording of even some of the most inferior recordings. As evidenced by the rare and truly superior playback system, there's an abundance of music info that if/when it remains audible at the speakers (due to a much lowered noise floor) the listening room's front half (much like the recording hall's soundstage) sufficiently generates / regenerates this half-sphere of sound as it makes its way toward the listeners ears and thereby making the playback presentation reasonably believable or better. Quite paradoxical as it seems to make the borders of the listening room disappear.

It's not a wall of sound cuz it ain't flat, it's 3-D as it is wide and deep and tall but still frontal for the most part. Hence I like to use the term half-sphere.

BTW, it is possible for a 2-channel to sufficiently replicate this half-sphere of sound flowing toward your ears. One listen to such a 2-ch. system (if you could ever find one) and while you might be looking for numerous other speakers in the room that don't exist, you just as quickly realize there is no need for multiple channels.
 
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Hello Frank

I have had the opposite experience. Just to give you a reference point I have a large stereo pair in my HT where I use essentially JBL PA drivers. They were all designed for high ouput linear response. They are 15" subs 15" bass drivers 10" mid-ranges and medium format compression drivers on wave-guides. The visceral impact and apparent speed cannot be matched by any of the smaller systems I have heard. The system efficiency is high around 98db so 100 watts gives you 118db out without getting anywhere near power compression would be an issue for any of the drivers. Small driver simply cannot do that kind of SPL without power handling or power compression issues. You are not restricted to small drivers in a home environment.

Rob:)
Opposite in what way?

I don't need to get to 118dB, measurable levels, to get the impact I'm looking for - the cleanness of the playback means that my brain "opens up" to the sound, so to speak - the subjective sense is that the sound has got louder, but it hasn't! Just some weeks back, a chap on another chat site mentioned that as his system warmed up from cold in the morning that it got louder, he would always adjust his volume control to compensate -and wondered if the amp was doing something strange. I suggested that it was totally a subjective response to the change in quality as the system settled down - he went and tested it with a sound meter, and said, You're right! Zero change in SPLs, on the meter.

If the impact is not there from the quality, then an alternative way to get it would be to turn up the volume - but I prefer the quality route ...
 
It's not a wall of sound cuz it ain't flat, it's 3-D as it is wide and deep and tall but still frontal for the most part. Hence I like to use the term half-sphere.

BTW, it is possible for a 2-channel to sufficiently replicate this half-sphere of sound flowing toward your ears. One listen to such a 2-ch. system (if you could ever find one) and while you might be looking for numerous other speakers in the room that don't exist, you just as quickly realize there is no need for multiple channels.
This is the story, yet again, expressed in another fashion - the rarity of systems achieving this is why many don't "get" what the fuss is about; it needs to be experienced to be properly understood.

The point about multiple channels is key - those who claim that such is the only way to achieve immersive hearing obviously haven't heard a system good enough to throw up a complete soundscape, which is as large as the recording dictates.
 
fas42 seems to be in perfect agreement with what I've written, from the way I read his writings. He also explicitly agreed with the post you wrote which I responded to.

Yes. I apologize as I mistook fas42's comment as sarcastic.
 
OK, Frank and Stehno, it took a while to get here, but I now realize that we are describing the same thing in slightly different ways. I have heard the type of sound/system you are describing. And I have written about them in posts. This thread is the first time that Frank's approach has been described in a way that I can understand, in the sense that it is the sound of the system or experience, and beyond his previous ( I think, incomplete) explanations of modifying electronics.

What you two are describing, I have experienced and described as a sense of Presence. That is, it is a sound so convincing that I almost believe that I have been moved to the performance space in the presence of the musicians. These systems are rare, and I have heard them.

I agree that when everything is good, one does not need multiple channels to sound convincing. Two channels, done very well, are certainly enough. And the systems can be fairly modest by high end standards. I also agree about Stehno's comment about the wall of sound. I have heard this in systems, and it is artificial, unless one is talking about recreating an amplified live rock concert. This can often sound like a wall of sound. A symphony or jazz quartet, never sounds like this.

Stehno, I do not mean that sound is coming at the listener from all directions. It is coming from the image of the musicians in the recording at the front of the room. BUT, it then washes over the listener, and his experience is immersive like at a symphony. There are reflected sounds bouncing all over the place, and direct sound coming from the stage or front of the listening room. I still don't think of it in terms of a shape though.

Another key element is the disappearance of the system. When all is sorted out, the system is no longer a part of the experience. Only the sound.

One more way that I recognize that a system is capable of doing this is when I hear the distinction between the source of the sound, i.e. the musician, in space and the sound that the instrument makes. They are distinct from each other. The musician with his instrument is fixed in a place on stage, and his image and scale should remain as such. However, the sound emerging or exploding from that instrument, rushes out toward the listener, and is expanding in scale and position. Systems in my experience that can make clear this difference, are capable of sounding convincing and believable.

Al M. has also written about this phenomenon with certain systems and particular recordings.

I just did the experiment that Frank suggested up thread about moving in a straight line from the sweet spot up to the plane of the speakers and then off to one side, getting closer to one speaker. In my system, the location of the instruments remained the same, though standing up made the stage seem slightly lower. It then remained slightly lower as I walked around the room. However, the locations of the instruments remained fixed, and the sound seemed about as natural everywhere in the room. Tone, dynamics and resolution remained very similar, however, once I returned and sat in the sweet spot, my perspective to the stage seemed more like my actual seat in the concert hall about twelve rows back in the center of the orchestra. The scale and imaging were more realistic when seated in the sweet spot and the presentation was more convincing, but I would be hard pressed to describe the sound of individual instruments as being less realistic in terms of timbre or tone. Volume of individual instruments changed as I moved about and approached the speakers, but their relative positioning on the stage seemed to remain. I dare say, it was a bit like walking around on a stage among the musicians. Of course, ultimate scale was smaller, sound pressure less, and clarity not quite the same as the real thing, but it was convincing, nevertheless.

I only tried this listening to one LP: Heifetz/Piatigorsky playing Brahm's Concerto for violin and cello. I may try it again with a variety of recordings, but I think I finally understand what Frank is getting at.
 
Hello Frank

Opposite in what way?

This thread started as an off shoot of the Horn Thread and is is about believability.

I don't need to get to 118dB, measurable levels, to get the impact I'm looking for

Well yes and no My point of view is you need a system capable of that. My goal is effortless playback. The system has to be able to handle whatever you throw at it. The first thing you want to avoid is under-powering a system or even worse running the speakers into power compression by running them into the top end of their power ratings. This is where horns have a huge advantage over typical systems. All speaker systems suffer from power compression the whole idea is to never push them there. To have effortless playback you need clean transients at realistic levels or it won't sound natural/real. I can turn my set-up way down and still hear the dynamic contrasts if I want it to sound close to real I need realistic levels at not just the average level but also on peaks. The peaks is where the 118db capability comes into the picture.

Rob:)
 
Well yes and no My point of view is you need a system capable of that. My goal is effortless playback. The system has to be able to handle whatever you throw at it. The first thing you want to avoid is under-powering a system or even worse running the speakers into power compression by running them into the top end of their power ratings. This is where horns have a huge advantage over typical systems. All speaker systems suffer from power compression the whole idea is to never push them there. To have effortless playback you need clean transients at realistic levels or it won't sound natural/real. I can turn my set-up way down and still hear the dynamic contrasts if I want it to sound close to real I need realistic levels at not just the average level but also on peaks. The peaks is where the 118db capability comes into the picture.

Rob:)

Exactly. Even at lower SPLs systems that have the ability to play loud with full bass extension present themselves differently, are much more fun to listen to and are more believable. For me it takes both this and electronics/cables that are resolving enough.
 
So, speaking of resolution and the ability to reproduce spatial cues and fine detail, I've found one of the most important components to achieve this is interconnect cables. Most ICs smooth out fine detail, especially copper ic cables. I've heard a few copper cables that are pretty good like top end Jorma and KS, but they still aren't as resolving as UPOCC silver or silver/gold alloy. Good ic cables made using this material can reveal fine detail you may have never known existed and will not add anything negative to the sound.

If you want the best performance you really need to go through your system from source output to driver input and make sure unnecessary things are bypassed and only top quality parts are in the signal path. Wire, connector jacks, binding posts, dozens of passive components can all be upgraded, this will yield huge gains in resolution.

Also AC power conditioning, dirty power will leave a haze over everything and obscures detail. If it's bad it'll cause glassiness, glare and hard sound.

Finally, it's not just resolution that improves, it's also a sense of naturalness, a tension in the sound is relieved as well... this is absence of distortion and artifacts which are annoying and also obscure detail. In a system that's ready for it, doing the above will transform an ordinary system into something really special. I've heard cables and power conditioning literally transform a system a few times.
 
So, speaking of resolution and the ability to reproduce spatial cues and fine detail, I've found one of the most important components to achieve this is interconnect cables. Most ICs smooth out fine detail, especially copper ic cables. I've heard a few copper cables that are pretty good like top end Jorma and KS, but they still aren't as resolving as UPOCC silver or silver/gold alloy. Good ic cables made using this material can reveal fine detail you may have never known existed and will not add anything negative to the sound.

Interesting. What about cryo-treated IC's via the vapor or full-immersion method? Might not a superior cryo-treated IC put IC's at the very top of your list?

If you want the best performance you really need to go through your system from source output to driver input and make sure unnecessary things are bypassed and only top quality parts are in the signal path. Wire, connector jacks, binding posts, dozens of passive components can all be upgraded, this will yield huge gains in resolution.

Not to downplay the significance of any of these matters, but huge is an awfully big word here. Don't you think stating something like "a nice distinct audible improvement" might more accurately reflect reality here?

Also AC power conditioning, dirty power will leave a haze over everything and obscures detail. If it's bad it'll cause glassiness, glare and hard sound.

What line conditioners do you use?

Finally, it's not just resolution that improves, it's also a sense of naturalness, a tension in the sound is relieved as well... this is absence of distortion and artifacts which are annoying and also obscure detail. In a system that's ready for it, doing the above will transform an ordinary system into something really special. I've heard cables and power conditioning literally transform a system a few times.

Not to pick at gnats, but actually it all boils down to resolution and the fidelity thereof. More specifically, it boils down to the percentage of music info embedded in the recording that remains audible (and maintain a high level of fidelity) above the noise floor and the percentage of music info that becomes inaudible below the noise floor. For the naturalness of the recording originates well, um..., naturally from the music info embedded in the recording, not the components, cables, connectors, speakers, line conditioners, etc. Isn't it really the components, the cables, the connections, lack of cryo'ing, lack of superior line conditioning, etc, etc. that introduce distortions, artifacts, and in essence strip away at the naturalness of any given recording?

But I agree that superior line conditioning (quite rare) can transform most any system to levels the unsuspecting never thought possible.
 
Timbre without liveliness and dynamics is acoustic wallpaper, not music.

For music you need all these things. Without life and dynamics of sound, believability is impossible.

Unfortunately there were some dark ages in high end audio -- the early Nineties come to mind -- where some manufacturers were obsessed with timbre and forgot about life and dynamics of the music. This was the time of super-complex crossovers and low sensitivity speakers that killed the music. Acoustic wallpaper, as I said, and of the very exspensive sort no less. A High End tragedy. An absolute perversion of what this hobby should be about, music.

I disagree in that timbre of any given instrument changes with amplitude as well therefore dynamics is covered when discussing realistic timbre.
 

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