One analogy that has helped me to understand my struggles to reconcile digital and analog sound reproduction is to look at the corresponding problem of analog and digital photography. The first camera I owned in the 1970s was a Zeiss film camera on which I shot exclusively with black and white film. In the 1980s, I moved up to shoot in color with a Nikon film camera. I’ve used a lot of digital cameras since then, the most pricey being a medium format Hasselblad H6D. By and large I’m disappointed with digital cameras. Color reproduction is not great (go shoot flowers in your backyard!). We get a lot of roses growing in the Bay Area. I’ve tried lots of times and feel getting a good shot of a rose is virtually impossible. What the eye sees is not what a digital camera reproduces.
One fundamental problem with digital cameras is that the CCD/CMOS sensors only perceive gray scale, not color. Color has to be artificially reconstructed using a Bayer color filter. That filter reduces a lot of the light coming in. In film cameras, the film emulsion captures the red-green-blue color spectrum directly. Below is a summary of the way film cameras see color, courtesy of AI Overview from Google. Yes, film cameras are noisier than digital cameras and perhaps not as sharp. But their color reproduction seems more genuine to my eyes. Perhaps it’s my personal bias in terms of film and vinyl vs digital cameras and recording. But I think the brain treats uncorrelated noise (ticks and pops, film grain) differently from instruments that we use to measure reproduction quality.
Search Labs | AI Overview
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Film cameras use a three-layer system to reproduce color by breaking down an image's colors into their primary components:
- 1. Layers
The film has three layers coated with chemicals that react to different wavelengths of light. The top layer is sensitive to blue, the middle layer to green, and the bottom layer to red. This arrangement mimics how the human eye perceives color.
- 2. Exposure
When the shutter is released, light exposes the emulsion to the scene. The interaction of the silver halide, dye couplers, and developing chemicals produces dyes that form a negative image. Color negatives have a strong orange hue.
- 3. Reversal processing
The image in each layer is reversal-processed to yield a positive dye image in a color complementary to the layer's spectral sensitivity. For example, the blue-sensitive layer first yields a negative image of everything blue in the original scene and then a positive image of everything that is not blue, which is colored yellow