Well, if the mastering of the LP was carried in the 16 bit digital domain, I would not be astonished if the CD sounds near identical to the LP. Your test just says how good is your turntable. But can you nominate a few quality recordings, where the master was analog, in which the CD sounds identical to the LP?
Remember, like EVERY format, 16 bit domain digital masters represent a moving target ... most commercial mainstream CD remasters were inferior as you stated, and to that end, the sound or "redbook" was mostly described. Consider the few 16 bit CD that made the "audiophile" grade ... such as Famous Blue Raincoat, Trinity Sessions, Cafe Blue. They were released on LP and/or SACD, and to my ears, they didn't represent the improvement promised via the hype, esp. compared to the best digital 16/44 CD versions.
Analog, yes I have a few. I have a remastered CD of DP Machine Head (perhaps the greatest R&R album ever made, considering recording technique, location, musicians, mastering quality, and of course, music) that is spectacular, but that said, I never did have an in good shape original, although I just purchase a 200g LP set that might tilt my opinion once again. Barry Daiment masters, to name a few .... his LZ3 on CD bettered my LP (although I've not compared it to my 200g Classic) and his Bob Marley masters are awesome examples of 16/44 under-rated quality.
What I'm saying is that many audiophiles consider 16/44 a poor transcription medium, when in fact it has been represented as such based on so many bad practices/processes/sound. In fact, it's proven good enough that - usually - the difference between CD and any other medium - is mastering quality.
I think this is par for the course with all digital mediums ... hell, I can count on many hands the number of truly inferior SACDs (if you think the Rolling Stones catalog was sonically and $ justified on SACD, listen to 'em on my system) I've heard compared to CD & LP counterparts. I've said it many times before, usually to dead ears, but Hi-Rez digital does not win by default alone, it does NOT guarantee superior recordings, even thou some in the biz would like us to believe just that.
IMHO the test you describe only tells that the original mastering or even the quality of the master tape used for the LP was a much better quality than any other.
Yes, but by doing so, it tells you that 16/44 can pass that high a quality signal.
Did you compare the LP directly with the needle drop in your friend's system?
Nope, didn't have too. My table is now (hasn't always been) more refined and sonically superior to his (expensive US made TT) ... easily proven thru his superior digital system using any well mastered software.
Anyway I would love to get my hands on a needle drop file of the Sheffield labs Harry James king James direct cut.
Sorry, can't help you there ...
tb1