Hi Chris:
I think you may have been away in December so perhaps overlooked my below questions. I’m still curious. Thanks.
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December, 2023
Hi Chris:
Alex from UpTone here. I am just now catching up on your success since our technical conversations via phone and e-mail back in April 2022, when you were just beginning to experiment and measure with the ATV boxes.
Wow. Congratulations on your success!
So I have a question for you:
In watching your video on the Aruba WAP, I noted your disdain for WiFi 6 (802.11ax) and preference for the simpler (potentially quieter/less current draw bursty) WiFi 5 (802.11ac).
Then, when I went to see which generation of Apple TV 4K is sitting next to my LG OLED B7, I found it is the first generation 4K model, A1842.
As you can see from the specs (
https://everymac.com/systems/apple/apple-tv/specs/apple-tv-4k-5th-generation-2017-specs.html) it is based on the A10X Fusion processor--and is just WiFi 5 (802.11ac).
Looking at the
iFixIt.com teardown of ATV A1842 I see that, just like the A2169 you have been modding, this slightly earlier 4K unit (which I bought the newer remote for long ago) has the exact same SMPS, machined metal divider plate, isolated wifi antenna corners, etc. A few chips differ of course, but I have not had any issues with its responsiveness or ability to run the latest tvOS or current 3rd-party apps.
Thus my question is: Have you considered modding and comparing the A1842? Might be fun.
The other question I have--for you and other Apple TVX owners--is with regards audio extraction:
In our living room with TV I do not have a full A/V system with all-in-one HDMI receiver (yuck!) or high-end A/V separates (all my $ and tech are down the hall in my custom listening studio
). And really for best video performance I would expect that direct into the projector or monitor would be best.
Yet since Apple dropped the TOSLINK audio output jack at the introduction of the 4K models, users are left with either:
a) Running the HDMI into a some A/V processor box (yes, I know that a lot of your clients probably have some megabuck equipment for that);
or
b) First running the HDMI from the ATV into an HDMI audio extractor box. That is what I do. I bought the best 4K/high-speed rated cheap one I could find. This:
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B074HHSJVN/
But I can not imagine that the extractor I am using is doing the video any favors, and thus wonder if the visual gains from your ATVX system (or my own pondered 12V conversion mod--fed with a spare UltraCap LPS-1.2) would be lost.
Your thoughts?
Cheers,
Alex C.
WHATS UP ALEX !!!!!!!!!
It has been a bit, We should talk on the phone
Its always fun to talk
Sorry I somehow missed your post
Thank you, its been a fun adventure. I have learned a LOT of interesting things, some of which seem to be unique. I say unique because i have passed some of my obserations by some top people engineering stuff these days and they told me I should patent
We should talk on the phone.
The A1842 can be modded as well. As can any ATV and benifits will occur. The A2169 looked to be the last good gen they were going to make, which now looks to have been true. The A2169 has a better CPU and some features missing on the A1842. I also wanted to be as current gen as i could for long term support.
While the little cap bank on the ATVX is really important, I do SMD rework and replace a bunch of parts including 2 clocks and use lower phase noise parts. I also use better regulators and change some other stuff. All of this is very specific to the A2169.
I did a LOT of really intense and the most demanding EE work I have ever done on it. It was WAY more interesting and deep then i could have imagined. I needed to impedance match power supply rails to the chips in ways I don't think anyone has done. Digital chips, of all flavors, are VERY complex in power impedance spectra. CPUs for example "rumble" as they think in the 5hz to like 200hz range. There is also current spectra up to really high freq topping out at like 5Mhz. These are very random, bursty and spiky. Matching up this sorta high current impedance spectra produced stunning changes in pic and sound quality when addressing this per chip. Each set of chip rails also is fed from a PWM regulator. These are a whole insanity by themselves. I can discuss more on the phone. But the PWM gets mixed up with the current draw and makes for a big mess. So the freq of the PWM is really important, its spectra becomes part of the overall impedance equation. Along the way I discovered some important things to address all that. The result is a very low impeadance power rail at the chip for all types of current spectra draw. It also results in a huge drop in noise at the chip pin and much tighter regulation. I am leaving out a few really key things I ended up employing in this solution. The linear is r-core based and also not normal. There is a LM431 being used in a very abnormal way to do remote sensing full bandwitch. The sense works out to 1Mhz. This is all one tuned system measured at the chip rails. Even the dia of the wire, type and lenght. When dealing with 1Mhz you end up doing impeadance matching and the power cable becomes a transmission line with impeadance.
You may have also played with all this, your products are really cool and clever in engineering.
Ultimately looking at jitter of busses and data lines on the PCB I vastly lowered noise and jitter of all the data busses. The noise on the pin supply ends up on the data lines. Regulation also changes where a state goes from 0/1 occur so regulation and noise really affect jitter between chips. And also HDMI.
Fun to discuss deep tech stuff with someone who understands it
The above stuff also applies to any of the digital world today.
So 6 months of tuning all that with tons of rework and testing anded up with a very specific set of mods that really only work for the A2169.
Extraction... Yes I have even been asked if I can add digital audio back in. I cant. Even if the chip were somehow stuffed in, it would need a driver and i cant, and wont, touch the firmware.
The crazy benifits from all the dejittering everything is suprizingly robust thru devices. For example I ran 2 of them thru a Crestrom DM HDMI distribution. A big 16x16 matrix and 200 foot runs of cat 8 to boxes on the other end. A AB between the stock and modded ATVX was breathtaking. The better HDMI signal and clocking at the source affects everything down stream.
BUT yes it ALL matters. HDMI cables are now very clear and every brand and make look different. Power cables seem to matter somehow. TONS of people also report ethernet matters. I tell people to treat it like they would a high end DAC and not like a AppleTV.
Let me go look up something on this thread. Or maybe it was on the Audionet thread. There is a high end extractor I have not tested yet. Let me get the device most people are using.
The best way is to just plug it into a surround processor and then pass the video out of it to the display.
Extraction has been done
With your awesome engineering experence, get into your extractor or into a good one and make it better. I am certain you can do wonders. For a quicky, just stuff 33uF multilayer ceramic caps after the PWM regulator on the chip rails. Measure the noise with a spect analyzer and scope..
OH.. Scopes.. I ended up dooing a lot of renting of a insanely expensive Tek MSO.. For analyzing ethernet, HDMI and busses it was great, but,, it was HORRIBLE at looking at noise on power supplies. Like TERRIBLE. These things "aquire" and do statistics and "digital phospher".. This all results in ****.. You should grab a analog Tek off ebay and restore it. You really can't use a digital scope for noise analysis. Nothing like a CRT and all analog electronics. I ended up with a few Tek 7904's and about every module. I can go to 1Ghz and do 10uV / div differential and i can see EVERYTHING..
I will give you a call tomorrow to catch up.
Go mod your ATV. Its annoying tho physically. Its a fun experence tho. Just doing like 5000uF inside the ATV and using some WIMAs and then feeding it 14.15 V will be very surprizing jump in pic and sound.. That started me down the rabbit hole.