There’s been a lot of discussion about dynamics, but the hard truth is that microphones can’t capture the full dynamic range. They’re inherently limited—either picking up sounds that are too low in level or clipping when it’s too loud. If you’ve ever heard the proximity effect, it’s when speaking too close to a microphone creates a booming or “exploding” sound from the speakers. Many of us have experienced this with PA systems. To prevent this, compressors and limiters are used during recording, which inevitably reduces the dynamic range. Sometimes, especially with older recordings, you can still hear this “explosion” effect due to the absence of a compressor/limiter—like Lee Morgan’s trumpet on Moanin’, some Elvis Presley ballads, or Dream with Dean. That’s why older artists were so skilled at mic handling, constantly adjusting their distance from it.
The bottom line is that the dynamics in a recording never fully match the real experience.
But that’s not necessarily a problem because home audio systems aren’t designed to replicate the exact sound of a live concert or instruments. They’re meant to resemble the real experience, not recreate it. It’s like tending a bonsai tree—no one wants a full-sized tree in their living room, just like no one wants a full orchestra, grand piano, drum kit, or trumpet blaring in their home. The actual sound levels from real instruments are often too overwhelming for a domestic setting. Our perception of loudness depends on context. For example, if you’ve ever been target shooting, the sound at the range might be loud but expected, so it doesn’t startle you. However, hearing a gunshot outside the range is a different story—it’s jarring. Similarly, we want peace in our homes, and the level of loudness we can comfortably handle at home is much lower than in a concert hall.
So, it’s both impossible and unnecessary to replicate the full dynamic range or exact sound of an orchestra in a home audio setup. It just needs to feel the same—that’s all, in my opinion.
P.S. Don’t call me deaf—I always wear strong hearing protection while shooting!