Hi, Mike. Good afternoon to you.
Hearing and listening are definitely two different things. Many of the people I have met in my audio journey simply don't care about the subtleties, nuances and all of the other aspects many of us at the WBF might. All they care about is, "Does it sound good?". If it sounds good, they are as happy as a clam in mud. To others, especially trained listeners, these subtleties and nuances are (or can be) extremely important.
There is nothing wrong with each approach. There is no clear winner in this situation. There is no need for there to be camps staking it out on each side. To each, his or her own. But, you do bring up a good point. What is insignificant to the person casually hearing a selection being played, might very well be considered a significant change to the experienced listener.
I cracked up one time because someone gave me a wonderful but funny compliment at an audio event once. He stated that I could, "hear a fish fart in the middle of a waterfall". Hadn't ever heard that one before. I honestly don't think my hearing is better than anyone else's. There were plenty of people there at the event that heard the same things I heard. The difference was that they didn't pick up on the differences quickly. They had not really "listened" before. They just concentrated on hearing. With that said, when the differences were pointed out and described in detail, they could hone in on the change and identify them moving forward.
There are several people on this forum and a handful on some others that when they speak? I listen and pay particular attention to what they have to say. We may not all hear alike and we all have differences on what does or does not sound good, differing preferences for a reproductive effort, differing ways to achieve audio nirvana but when someone actually listens, instead of simply sitting back and hearing? In my experience, their listening skill set holds more weight than just the casual listener.
Personally, I think it mostly comes down to listening experience. Going through gear throughout one's lifetime, listening to different gear along the way. Sharing observations, learning and yes, listening to what other trained ears have to say is also an important part of honing your own listening skills in.
Getting back to if everything makes a difference. Not everything is detectable or easily identifiable. As aforementioned, there are some things that aren't discovered until later. There are things that by themselves don't make much more than a undetectable difference, but when combined with other tweaks or gear/cables/tubes/fuses/whatever, the cumulative effect of the little things add up. A good example of that would be adding things to help clean up the noise on a streaming rig. Some of the things didn't really seem to help the effort at first but as the signal got cleaner and cleaner? Now, you take one of those undetectable or barely negligible (before) components (or changes) out and now it can make a big difference.
How much of a difference?
Well, you have to go back to Mike's point. It depends on whether or not one is simply hearing the music or listening. The person hearing the music could probably care less. The person listening could consider the difference to now be significant.
Tom